From 061c3d4cce4a4273ce29d9d8b5a390fc870a5108 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Vincent Gao <gaobing1230@gmail.com>
Date: Mon, 22 Jun 2026 10:48:41 +0200
Subject: [PATCH] Fall back when move optimization is invalid

---
 jsonpatch.py | 37 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++-------
 tests.py     | 21 +++++++++++++++++++++
 2 files changed, 51 insertions(+), 7 deletions(-)

diff --git a/jsonpatch.py b/jsonpatch.py
index d3fc26d..85cee83 100644
--- a/jsonpatch.py
+++ b/jsonpatch.py
@@ -658,9 +658,24 @@ def from_diff(
         True
         """
         json_dumper = dumps or cls.json_dumper
-        builder = DiffBuilder(src, dst, json_dumper, pointer_cls=pointer_cls)
+        builder = DiffBuilder(src, dst, json_dumper, pointer_cls=pointer_cls,
+                              optimization=optimization)
         builder._compare_values('', None, src, dst)
         ops = list(builder.execute())
+
+        if optimization and any(op.get('op') == 'move' for op in ops):
+            try:
+                valid_patch = cls(ops, pointer_cls=pointer_cls).apply(src) == dst
+            except (JsonPatchException, JsonPointerException, TypeError, KeyError, IndexError):
+                valid_patch = False
+
+            if not valid_patch:
+                builder = DiffBuilder(src, dst, json_dumper,
+                                      pointer_cls=pointer_cls,
+                                      optimization=False)
+                builder._compare_values('', None, src, dst)
+                ops = list(builder.execute())
+
         return cls(ops, pointer_cls=pointer_cls)
 
     def to_string(self, dumps=None):
@@ -711,9 +726,11 @@ def _get_operation(self, operation):
 
 class DiffBuilder(object):
 
-    def __init__(self, src_doc, dst_doc, dumps=json.dumps, pointer_cls=JsonPointer):
+    def __init__(self, src_doc, dst_doc, dumps=json.dumps,
+                 pointer_cls=JsonPointer, optimization=True):
         self.dumps = dumps
         self.pointer_cls = pointer_cls
+        self.optimization = optimization
         self.index_storage = [{}, {}]
         self.index_storage2 = [[], []]
         self.__root = root = []
@@ -794,10 +811,14 @@ def execute(self):
             curr = curr[1]
 
     def _item_added(self, path, key, item):
-        index = self.take_index(item, _ST_REMOVE)
+        index = self.take_index(item, _ST_REMOVE) if self.optimization else None
         if index is not None:
             op = index[2]
-            if type(op.key) == int and type(key) == int:
+            # We can't rely on the op/key types since PatchOperation casts
+            # numeric path parts to int even for numeric string dict keys. Only
+            # undo index shifts when the removed item came from a list.
+            removed_from = op.pointer.to_last(self.src_doc)[0]
+            if type(removed_from) == list:
                 for v in self.iter_from(index):
                     op.key = v._on_undo_remove(op.path, op.key)
 
@@ -816,14 +837,15 @@ def _item_added(self, path, key, item):
                 'value': item,
             }, pointer_cls=self.pointer_cls)
             new_index = self.insert(new_op)
-            self.store_index(item, new_index, _ST_ADD)
+            if self.optimization:
+                self.store_index(item, new_index, _ST_ADD)
 
     def _item_removed(self, path, key, item):
         new_op = RemoveOperation({
             'op': 'remove',
             'path': _path_join(path, key),
         }, pointer_cls=self.pointer_cls)
-        index = self.take_index(item, _ST_ADD)
+        index = self.take_index(item, _ST_ADD) if self.optimization else None
         new_index = self.insert(new_op)
         if index is not None:
             op = index[2]
@@ -849,7 +871,8 @@ def _item_removed(self, path, key, item):
                 self.remove(new_index)
 
         else:
-            self.store_index(item, new_index, _ST_REMOVE)
+            if self.optimization:
+                self.store_index(item, new_index, _ST_REMOVE)
 
     def _item_replaced(self, path, key, item):
         self.insert(ReplaceOperation({
diff --git a/tests.py b/tests.py
index d9eea92..7d122c0 100755
--- a/tests.py
+++ b/tests.py
@@ -526,6 +526,27 @@ def test_issue119(self):
         res = jsonpatch.apply_patch(src, patch)
         self.assertEqual(res, dst)
 
+    def test_issue179(self):
+        cases = [
+            (
+                {'d': {'arr': ['', 42, '', {'a': 1}]}},
+                {'d': {'arr': [{'a': 1}, {'a': 1}, [1], {}, False, '', {'a': 1}]}},
+            ),
+            (
+                {'d': {'arr': [42, -1, 42, True, {'b': 'x'}, [1], 42]}},
+                {'d': {'arr': ['', None, False, {}, {}, 42]}},
+            ),
+            (
+                {'d': {'arr': [False, 42, [1], {'a': 1}, None, 42]}},
+                {'d': {'arr': [None, 42, []]}},
+            ),
+        ]
+
+        for src, dst in cases:
+            patch = jsonpatch.make_patch(src, dst)
+            res = jsonpatch.apply_patch(src, patch)
+            self.assertEqual(res, dst)
+
     def test_issue120(self):
         """Make sure it avoids casting numeric str dict key to int"""
         src = [{'foobar': {'821b7213_b9e6_2b73_2e9c_cf1526314553': ['Open Work'],